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Sign Encyclopedia

A practical reference for common sign-related terms. Each entry uses the same structure so the definitions can be linked, reused, and expanded across the site.

Showing 17 of 17 terms

Acrylic Letters

Acrylic letters are non-lit dimensional letters often used for taglines, interior branding, and smaller exterior signs where illuminated letters are not required.

What To Know

  • They are usually thinner than illuminated channel letters and are often used for smaller copy.
  • They can be mounted with tape or studs depending on the wall surface and installation requirements.
  • They are a lower-cost way to get a clean dimensional sign for interior walls, suites, and some exterior applications.

Best For

  • Interior lobby signs, suite signs, and wall graphics with a clean dimensional look.
  • Exterior letters when a landlord or municipality does not require illumination.
  • Taglines below larger channel letter signs where lit letters would be too small to fabricate.

Cabinet Signs

A cabinet sign, also called a box sign, is a one-piece illuminated sign with a printed or decorated face.

What To Know

  • The sign body is typically built from metal sides and back.
  • The face is usually polycarbonate with graphics applied.
  • Internal LEDs illuminate the face for nighttime visibility.
  • Larger cabinets commonly use a face retainer so the face can be serviced or replaced.

Best For

  • Business names or logos that work well as one enclosed sign body.
  • Storefronts where a cabinet sign is easier to install than many individual letters.
  • Budget-sensitive illuminated signs where the design does not require individual channel letters.

Channel Letters

Channel letters are three-dimensional individual letters or logo shapes, typically illuminated with LEDs and mounted on a storefront.

What To Know

  • Aluminum returns and backs form the letter body.
  • Polycarbonate faces let light pass through on face-lit letters.
  • Trim cap or face trim secures the face to the return.
  • LEDs and low-voltage wiring provide illumination.

Best For

  • Storefront business identification with strong readability.
  • Brand names and logos that should appear as separate dimensional letters.
  • Locations where night visibility matters.

Cloud Signs

A cloud sign is a one-piece illuminated sign shaped around a logo, letters, or graphic instead of being built as individual channel letters.

What To Know

  • Cloud signs are built with many of the same materials as channel letters.
  • They usually include aluminum sides and back, a polycarbonate face, LED lighting, and face trim.
  • They can mount directly to the wall or onto a raceway when the installation calls for it.

Best For

  • Logos with small details that are easier to build inside one shaped cabinet.
  • Designs that need to keep the profile of a graphic while still creating an illuminated storefront sign.
  • Projects where a one-piece sign is a better fit than many separate letters.

Face Retainer

A face retainer is the frame that holds a sign face in place, most often on larger illuminated cabinet signs.

What To Know

  • Retainers secure larger polycarbonate faces more reliably than trim used on smaller letters.
  • They can make face replacement easier when branding changes.
  • They help cabinet signs stay serviceable because the face can be removed when needed.

Best For

  • Larger illuminated cabinet signs.
  • Signs where the face may need to be removed, serviced, or replaced.

Face Trim

Face trim, also called trim cap, is the plastic trim that secures an acrylic or polycarbonate face to a channel letter return.

What To Know

  • It finishes the edge of the letter face and helps hold the face securely in place.
  • It is commonly used on face-lit channel letters and lit shape signs.
  • It gives the sign builder a clean edge while allowing the face and return to work together as one letter body.

Best For

  • Face-lit channel letters.
  • Lit logo shapes with removable or secured faces.
  • Signs that need a clean finished edge around the illuminated face.

Halo Signs

Halo signs, also called reverse channel letters, illuminate from the back so light reflects off the wall and creates a glow around each letter.

What To Know

  • Aluminum faces and returns create the letter body.
  • A translucent back allows LED light to shine toward the wall.
  • Standoffs hold the letters away from the wall so the halo can spread.

Best For

  • A refined, established storefront look.
  • Wall surfaces that reflect light evenly.
  • Signs that will be viewed mostly from the front.

Photo Eye Sensor

A photo eye sensor detects daylight and darkness so a lit sign can turn on at night and off during the day automatically.

What To Know

  • No one has to remember to turn the sign on every evening.
  • The sign can stay off during daylight hours to reduce unnecessary run time.
  • Many signs with a photo eye also have a manual option, such as on, off, or Sun Control.

Best For

  • Raceway signs.
  • Cabinet signs.
  • Self-contained illuminated signs that should manage day and night operation automatically.

Polycarbonate Face

Polycarbonate is a tough, transparent plastic commonly used for illuminated sign faces.

What To Know

  • It is strong and impact resistant, which helps prevent cracking and breakage.
  • It lets LED light pass through the face of lit signs.
  • Vinyl graphics or printed graphics can be applied to create the finished sign face.

Best For

  • Channel letters.
  • Cabinet signs.
  • Lit shape signs.
  • Some halo-lit products.

Power Supplies

A power supply converts building power into the low-voltage power used by LEDs inside an illuminated sign.

What To Know

  • SignMonkey lit signs use low-voltage LED systems.
  • Many SignMonkey products use Class 2 power supplies designed for safer low-voltage operation.
  • Power supplies may be inside a raceway, cabinet, or other self-contained sign depending on the sign type.

Best For

  • Illuminated channel letters.
  • Raceway signs.
  • Cabinet signs and lit shape signs.
  • Installations where a safer, serviceable low-voltage sign system is important.

Raceways

A raceway is the rectangular enclosure behind or below channel letters that holds wiring and power components.

What To Know

  • It reduces the number of wall penetrations compared with direct-mounted channel letters.
  • It gives installers one larger piece to mount instead of many individual letters.
  • It can contain the power supply, wiring, switch, and photo eye depending on the sign design.
  • Raceways are typically built from aluminum and can often be painted to blend with the building.

Best For

  • Installations where fewer wall penetrations are preferred.
  • Channel letters that need a simpler electrical path.
  • Buildings where the landlord or installer wants one mounted sign assembly.

Returns

A return is the side wall of a channel letter. It gives the letter depth and creates the structure that holds the face, back, and lighting system together.

What To Know

  • Returns are usually made from aluminum.
  • A common depth is around 5 inches, though requirements can vary by landlord, city, sign type, and viewing distance.
  • Interior channel letters may be built shallower when the installation does not need the same exterior depth.
  • Return depth influences the letter profile, shadow, and lighting performance.

Best For

  • Face-lit channel letters.
  • Halo-lit channel letters, where return depth and standoff distance affect the glow.
  • Dimensional letter designs that need a visible side profile.

Roof Brackets

Roof brackets are metal mounting brackets used when a sign needs to sit above a sloped roof instead of mounting flat to a wall.

What To Know

  • They are commonly used for raceway signs, cabinet signs, and lit shape signs mounted on rooflines.
  • Adjustable brackets can help match the roof pitch in the field.
  • The roof structure must be able to support the finished sign, brackets, wind load, and fasteners.
  • Roof penetrations should be planned and sealed properly by a qualified installer or contractor.

Best For

  • Storefronts with sloped rooflines.
  • Signs that need to sit above the roof edge for visibility.
  • Cabinet or raceway signs that cannot mount directly to a flat wall.

Sign Permit

A sign permit is approval from your city or local authority to install a sign. Most electrical storefront signs require one before installation.

What To Know

  • Permit costs vary by city, but many customers should expect roughly $50 to $200.
  • Your city may ask for drawings, dimensions, electrical details, mounting details, and landlord approval.
  • Permit timing can affect your installation schedule, so start early in the buying process.

Best For

  • Electrical storefront signs.
  • New exterior signs going on a building.
  • Projects where landlord approval, city rules, or inspection requirements apply.

Snap Switch

A snap switch is a manually operated electrical switch. On a sign, a switch can allow simple control of lighting modes or power.

What To Know

  • Some self-contained signs include an accessible switch for on, off, or automatic operation.
  • Raceway and cabinet signs may include controls in the sign body depending on product configuration.
  • Automatic operation is often handled by a photo eye or Sun Control mode instead of daily manual switching.

Best For

  • Signs that need a manual lighting control.
  • Self-contained illuminated signs.
  • Raceway or cabinet signs with integrated control features.

Storefront Signs

Storefront signs identify your business, help customers find you, and create the first visual impression of your brand.

What To Know

  • Channel letters are a common choice for strong readability and classic business identification.
  • Cabinet signs can work well when a one-piece illuminated sign is the right fit.
  • Lit shape signs are useful when your logo shape or graphic needs to be the sign.
  • Acrylic or metal letters can be a good non-lit option for interior or exterior dimensional signs.

Best For

  • Retail stores, restaurants, offices, and service businesses.
  • Businesses that need to be visible from the street or parking lot.
  • Locations where landlord and city sign requirements shape the final sign type.

Underwriters Laboratory Label On Signs

A UL label shows that a sign or electrical component has been evaluated under Underwriters Laboratories safety standards.

What To Know

  • Many municipalities require a UL label for illuminated signs.
  • A UL-labeled sign gives installers, inspectors, landlords, and business owners more confidence in the electrical construction.
  • Even when it is not strictly required, it is a smart safety expectation for a lit sign.

Best For

  • Electrical signage that needs inspection approval.
  • Illuminated storefront signs where safety documentation matters.
  • Projects where installers, landlords, or city officials require a recognized listing label.